Space telescopes - najbolje fotke

[johnny984]

Mislim da bi nam svima dobro došlo jedno ovakvo mesto na forumu, mesto za, po nama, najbolje fotke teleskopa iz svemira, njihove legendarne fotke (znate na šta mislim), po mogućstvu uz neko objašnjenje o slikanom objektu, bilo da je to copy/paste sa preuzetog sajta, ili u vidu bloga (recimo tipa Yagodinac) ili svojim rečima objašnjenja. Za početak, evo poslednje fotke koja mi se je jako dopala i kratkog copy/paste-a:



Hubble Looks 11 Billion Years Back in Time to Explore Distant Galaxies

Hubble has taken a look back in time to catch a glimpse of how galaxies form. The instrument has examined the universe 11 billion years ago in order to explore the anatomy of distant galaxies, revealing a little bit more about these ancient systems.

Galaxies are usually classified according to their morphology and star-forming activity. There's a veritable zoo of spiral, elliptical and irregular shapes that possess whirling arms, fuzzy haloes and bright central bulges. The two main categories of galaxies, though, are elliptical or spiral. A third type of galaxy, called a lenticular galaxy, falls somewhere between the two.

In order to understand the morphology of ancient galaxies, the researchers pushed Hubble's capabilities. While the furthest back the instrument has gazed was once 8 billion years, the scientists pushed that back a further 2.5 billion years. This covered a huge 80 percent of the past history of the universe.

"This is the only comprehensive study to date of the visual appearance of the large, massive galaxies that existed so far back in time," said Arjen van der Wel, co-author of the new study, in a news release. The galaxies look remarkably mature, which is not predicted by galaxy formation models to be the case that early on in the history of the universe."

So what do these galaxies look like exactly? They appear to be split between blue star-forming galaxies with a complex structure, including disks, bulges and messy clumps, and massive red galaxies that are no longer forming stars. These two types, though, are relatively rare in the ancient universe. This particular scarcity has prevented previous studies from being able to gather a large enough sample of mature galaxies to properly describe their characteristics. However, that's now all changed.

"The Hubble Sequence underpins a lot of what we know about how galaxies form and evolve-finding it to be in place this far back is a significant discover," said BoMee Lee, one of the researchers, in a news release.

[johnny984]

Kad malo bolje razmislim, ova slika verovatno i ne odgovara članiku, ispravite me ako grešim, ali ne verujem da se ovi detalji mogu uhvatiti na galaksiji udaljenoj 11 milijardi godina  Ali u svakom slučaju, to je ideja ove teme.

[johnny984]

Možda reprezentativnija fotka i objašnjenje (sigurno bar za fotku):



Pred vama je fotografija koja je obišla Internet. U toj fotografiju koja zauzima tek deo ekrana vašeg monitora smešteno je 10 hiljada galaksija i nebrojeno mnogo milijardi svetova. Svaka tačkica koju vidite svet je za sebe.

Neke od ovih galaksija vidimo u trenutku dok je svemir bio star tek nekih 400 miliona godina. To su najstariji objekti do kojih smo došli i ova fotografija predstavlja portret najdubljeg vidljivog kosmosa koji je čovek do sada video.

Fotogrfija se zove Hablovo ultra duboko polje, (Hubble Ultra Deep Field - HUDF). Bilo je potrebno četiri meseca da bi se došlo do ovog snimka.

Fotografija je načinjena spajanjem dve odvojene slike načinjene Hablovom Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) i Near Infrared Camera and Multi-object Spectrometer (NICMOS). Obe kamere su prodrle dublje u svemir od bilo kog zemasljkog teleskopa.

Teleskop Habl je bio usmeren ka pustom delu neba u sazvežđu Fornaks. Obuhvaćena je površina od tek deseteog dela ugaonog prečnika punog Meseca. Snimanje je vršeno od 24. septembra 2003. do 16. januara 2004. godine. Bilo je potrebno načiniti 800 ekspozicija tokom 400 Hablovih orbita oko Zemlje. Ukoupno, snimanje je trajalo 11,3 dana.

Veću fotografiju HUDF (najveća je "teška" 63 MB!) potražite ovde:

http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/newsdesk/archive/releases/2004/07/

A gde naći bolje objašnjenje 

[johnny984]

Ili recimo za ovu sliku, takođe legendarnu:



This craggy fantasy mountaintop enshrouded by wispy clouds looks like a bizarre landscape from Tolkien's "The Lord of the Rings" or a Dr. Seuss book, depending on your imagination. The NASA Hubble Space Telescope image, which is even more dramatic than fiction, captures the chaotic activity atop a three-light-year-tall pillar of gas and dust that is being eaten away by the brilliant light from nearby bright stars. The pillar is also being assaulted from within, as infant stars buried inside it fire off jets of gas that can be seen streaming from towering peaks.

This turbulent cosmic pinnacle lies within a tempestuous stellar nursery called the Carina Nebula, located 7,500 light-years away in the southern constellation Carina. The image celebrates the 20th anniversary of Hubble's launch and deployment into an orbit around Earth.

Scorching radiation and fast winds (streams of charged particles) from super-hot newborn stars in the nebula are shaping and compressing the pillar, causing new stars to form within it. Streamers of hot ionized gas can be seen flowing off the ridges of the structure, and wispy veils of gas and dust, illuminated by starlight, float around its towering peaks. The denser parts of the pillar are resisting being eroded by radiation much like a towering butte in Utah's Monument Valley withstands erosion by water and wind.

Nestled inside this dense mountain are fledgling stars. Long streamers of gas can be seen shooting in opposite directions off the pedestal at the top of the image. Another pair of jets is visible at another peak near the center of the image. These jets (known as HH 901 and HH 902, respectively) are the signpost for new star birth. The jets are launched by swirling disks around the young stars, which allow material to slowly accrete onto the stars' surfaces.

Hubble's Wide Field Camera 3 observed the pillar on Feb. 1-2, 2010. The colors in this composite image correspond to the glow of oxygen (blue), hydrogen and nitrogen (green), and sulfur (red).

Object Names: HH 901, HH 902

Image Type: Astronomical

Credit: NASA, ESA, and M. Livio and the Hubble 20th Anniversary Team (STScI)

[johnny984]

Ovo baš i ne može da se svrsta pod našim viđenjem astrofotografije, ali bilo bi lepo da dobijemo neki članak na tu temu (moguće je i da je već bilo na sajtu a da nisam video). U svakom slučaju, jako zanimljiva tema, i mogao bih da izvučem citate iz nekih knjiga vezano za ovu fotku, ali bi bilo naravno neuporedivo bolje da to uradi neko ko se ovim profesionalno bavi